What is the composition of the knee?

Knee consists of lower femur, upper tibia, patella, meniscus, cruciate ligament, collateral ligament, synovial membrane and joint capsule. Knee is the largest and most complex joint in human body, and it belongs to trochlear joint. Knee mainly consists of the following parts: 1. Lower femur: The upper half of the knee is the lower end of the femur, which has a condyle on each side, corresponding to the medial and lateral condyles of the tibia. 2. The upper tibia: The lower half of the knee is the upper tibia, and there is a forward bulge in front of it, called tibial tuberosity. 3. Patella: The patella is the largest sesamoid bone in the human body. It is located in front of the lower end of the femur and connected to the femur through the patellar ligament. The main function of the patella is to increase the arm of the quadriceps muscle and assist in straightening the knee joint. 4. Meniscus: Meniscus is a fibrocartilage pad located between the femur and tibia. It is divided into medial meniscus and lateral meniscus. The main function of the meniscus is to buffer the pressure and increase the stability of the knee joint. 5. Cruciate ligament: Cruciate ligament is an important structure connecting the femur and tibia, divided into anterior cruciate ligament and posterior cruciate ligament. The main function of the cruciate ligament is to prevent the tibia from moving forward or backward relative to the femur and enhance the stability of the knee joint. 6. Lateral collateral ligament: The lateral collateral ligament is located on both sides of the knee joint, namely the medial collateral ligament and the lateral collateral ligament. The main function of the lateral collateral ligament is to limit the lateral movement of the knee joint and maintain the stability of the knee joint. 7. Synovium: Synovium is a thin and smooth layer of connective tissue covering the internal structure of the knee joint. Synovial fluid secretion is the main role of joint movement to reduce friction, while synovial also has the absorption and metabolism of substances in the joint function.8. Joint capsule: Joint capsule is a tough connective tissue membrane, wrapped around the knee joint internal structure. The joint capsule is mainly used to limit excessive movement of the joint, but it also has the function of buffering pressure and protecting the internal structure of the joint. In short, the structure of the knee is very complex. It is composed of many parts that work together to maintain the normal function of the knee joint. If the knee is affected by injury or disease, it may cause pain, swelling, stiffness and other symptoms, which seriously affect the quality of life of the patient. Therefore, for knee disease, it should be timely medical treatment, diagnosis and treatment.