Clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus

The clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus mainly include skin and mucosa manifestations, joint muscle symptoms, kidney damage, blood system abnormalities, cardiopulmonary manifestations, digestive system symptoms, nervous system manifestations, etc. 1. Skin and mucosa manifestations such as facial butterfly erythema are typical features of systemic lupus erythematosus, and discoid erythema, photosensitivity, oral ulcers, alopecia, etc. can also occur. Skin damage not only affects the appearance, but also may indicate disease activity.2. Joint muscle symptoms are joint pain, arthritis, can involve fingers, wrists, knees and other joints, symmetrical, intermittent attacks, often accompanied by swelling and morning stiffness, generally do not cause joint deformity. Muscle pain and weakness are also common. 3. Kidney damage is quite common and serious, which can be manifested as proteinuria, hematuria, cast urine, edema, hypertension, etc., and even progress to renal failure, which is one of the important factors affecting the prognosis of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. 4. Blood system abnormalities often occur anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, etc. Anemia can be positive cytochromatic anemia, leukopenia easily leads to increased risk of infection, thrombocytopenia can cause bleeding tendency. 5. Cardiopulmonary manifestations may include pleurisy, pericarditis, chest pain, dyspnea, pericardial effusion, etc. Lung involvement can lead to interstitial pneumonia, etc. 6. Digestive system symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, etc., and mesenteric vasculitis, peritonitis, etc. may occur in severe cases. 7. Nervous system manifestations may involve the central and peripheral nervous systems, with headache, epilepsy, mental symptoms, peripheral neuritis, etc. 8. Other eye involvement may occur, such as conjunctivitis, uveitis, etc., as well as fever, fatigue and other systemic symptoms.