Reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction

Reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction is the key to restore myocardial blood supply and reduce mortality, including percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and thrombolytic therapy. The treatment window is within 12 hours of onset or within 12 - 24 hours of symptom onset. The benefits of treatment include reducing mortality, improving cardiac function and improving quality of life. The risks of treatment include bleeding complications, reinfarction and arrhythmia. The selection of treatment methods should consider the patient's condition comprehensively. After treatment, close observation of the disease and medical treatment and rehabilitation are required. Acute myocardial infarction is a serious cardiovascular disease, and reperfusion therapy is the key to restoring myocardial blood supply and reducing mortality. The following are some important information about reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction: 1. Methods of reperfusion therapy 1. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) through percutaneous puncture of blood vessels, catheter sent to the coronary artery stenosis site, balloon dilation or stent implantation, to restore vascular patency 2. Thrombolytic therapy The use of thrombolytic drugs to dissolve thrombus, open the occluded coronary artery. 2. Time window of reperfusion therapy The effect of reperfusion therapy is closely related to the treatment time. For patients with STEMI, the time window of PCI is generally within 12 hours of onset, and the time window of thrombolytic therapy is within 12 hours of onset or within 12 - 24 hours of symptoms. For patients with NSTEMI, the time window is relatively wide, but treatment should still be performed as early as possible. 3. Benefits of reperfusion therapy 1. Reduce mortality Reperfusion therapy can rapidly restore myocardial blood supply, reduce the size of myocardial infarction, and thus reduce mortality. 2. Improve cardiac function Restoring myocardial blood supply helps protect and repair damaged myocardium and improve cardiac function. 3. Improve quality of life Reduce complications of myocardial infarction and improve quality of life. 4. Risk of reperfusion therapy 1. Bleeding complications PCI or thrombolytic therapy may lead to bleeding complications, such as bleeding at the site of vascular puncture, hematoma, etc. 2. Reinfarction Although reperfusion therapy can open occluded vessels, there is still a risk of reinfarction. 3. Arrhythmia may occur during arrhythmia treatment, such as ventricular arrhythmia, atrioventricular block, etc. V. Selection of reperfusion therapy 1. Doctors will comprehensively evaluate and select the most suitable reperfusion therapy method according to the specific conditions of patients, such as onset time, type of myocardial infarction, vascular lesions, etc. 2. PCI is usually the preferred treatment for patients with STEMI, but thrombolytic therapy may be selected in some cases if PCI is unconditional or the thrombolytic therapy window has expired. 3. For patients with NSTEMI, risk stratification is usually performed first, and the decision whether to perform reperfusion therapy is based on the evaluation results. 6. Precautions 1. Reperfusion treatment should be carried out in medical institutions with relevant equipment and experience. 2. Patients and their families should fully understand the risks and benefits of treatment before treatment and sign informed consent. 3. After treatment, it is necessary to closely observe the changes in the condition and follow the doctor's advice for drug treatment and rehabilitation. 4. Patients should be reviewed regularly for cardiac function assessment in order to detect and deal with possible problems in a timely manner. Reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction is an effective treatment method, but it needs to be carried out under the guidance of a doctor to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the treatment. For patients with acute myocardial infarction, seek medical attention as soon as possible and strive for reperfusion therapy within the best time. At the same time, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, such as quitting smoking, controlling blood pressure, blood lipids, etc., is also very important for preventing the occurrence and recurrence of myocardial infarction.