Causes of sudden myocardial infarction

Sudden myocardial infarction (MI) is a serious disease mainly caused by coronary atherosclerosis, thrombosis, coronary artery spasm, vasculitis and myocardial bridge. When plaque in a coronary artery ruptures or is damaged, platelets gather at the damaged site to form a clot, blocking the blood vessel and causing a myocardial infarction.The following is a detailed analysis of the causes of sudden myocardial infarction: 1. Coronary atherosclerosis Coronary atherosclerosis is the most common cause of sudden myocardial infarction. It is caused by cholesterol and other substances building up on the walls of coronary arteries, forming plaques that narrow and clog blood vessels. These plaques may rupture or be damaged, causing platelet aggregation and thrombosis, which in turn blocks blood vessels. Plaque formation is associated with a variety of factors, including high blood fat, high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, obesity, lack of exercise, etc. These factors can lead to vascular endothelial cell damage, making cholesterol easier to deposit on the vascular wall, and trigger an inflammatory reaction, further promoting plaque formation. 2. Thrombosis In addition to coronary atherosclerosis, thrombosis is also an important cause of sudden myocardial infarction. When vascular endothelial cells are damaged, platelets will be activated and aggregated at the damaged site, forming a thrombus. These clots can further block blood vessels, leading to myocardial infarction. In addition, other factors may increase the risk of thrombosis, such as arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, blood hypercoagulability, etc. These factors may lead to reduced blood flow and increased platelet activity, thus increasing the possibility of thrombosis. 3. Other causes In addition to coronary atherosclerosis and thrombosis, there are other factors that may also lead to sudden myocardial infarction, such as coronary artery spasm, vasculitis, myocardial bridge, etc. Coronary artery spasm refers to sudden contraction of coronary arteries, resulting in insufficient myocardial blood supply; vasculitis refers to the inflammatory reaction of blood vessel walls; Myocardial bridge refers to a part of the coronary artery covered by myocardial tissue, which compresses the coronary artery during myocardial contraction, resulting in insufficient blood supply to the myocardium. In short, the main causes of sudden myocardial infarction are stenosis or blockage caused by coronary atherosclerosis, and thrombosis. Other factors such as coronary artery spasm, vasculitis, myocardial bridge, etc. may also lead to myocardial infarction. The key to prevent sudden myocardial infarction is to control risk factors, such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, etc., and maintain a healthy lifestyle, such as moderate exercise, healthy diet, smoking cessation and alcohol restriction.

If symptoms such as chest pain are suspected of myocardial infarction, seek medical attention immediately for timely diagnosis and treatment.