Causes of heart valve murmur

Valvular heart disease is a condition in which a single or multiple valve structures are caused by inflammation, myxoid degeneration, degenerative changes, congenital abnormalities, ischemic necrosis, trauma, etc.

A functional or structural abnormality (including leaflets, annuli, chordae tendineae, or papillary muscles) that results in stenosis and/or insufficiency of the valve orifice. Valvular heart disease can lead to hemodynamic changes in the heart, resulting in a range of symptoms. The main clinical manifestations of valvular heart disease include dyspnea, fatigue, palpitations, cough, hemoptysis, chest pain, etc. Diagnosis of valvular heart disease depends mainly on imaging such as echocardiography.

The treatment of valvular heart disease includes medication, surgery, and interventional therapy. The murmur of valvular heart disease is the sound produced by abnormal blood flow caused by stenosis or insufficiency of the heart valve. The main causes of valvular heart disease murmur are as follows: 1. Valve stenosis: When a heart valve is narrowed, turbulence occurs as blood flows through the narrowed orifice, creating a murmur. For example, mitral stenosis impedes blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, causing diastolic murmur. 2. Valvular insufficiency: When a heart valve is not closed properly or completely, blood flows back into the atrium, creating a murmur. For example, aortic valve insufficiency causes blood to reflux from the aorta back into the left ventricle, resulting in systolic murmur.3. Abnormal pathways: Abnormal pathways through which blood flows in the heart, resulting in murmurs. For example, atrial septal defect causes blood to flow from the left atrium through the atrial septal defect into the right atrium, resulting in systolic murmur.4. Ventricular hypertrophy: When the heart is under pressure or volume overload for a long time, ventricular hypertrophy occurs, which changes hemodynamics and produces murmurs. For example, in hypertensive heart disease, left ventricular hypertrophy leads to systolic murs. In short, the causes of heart valve disease murs are multi-faceted. Understanding the causes of heart valve disease murmurs is of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of heart valve disease.