What is Heart Stenosis?

Atherosclerosis is the main cause of cardiovascular stenosis. Other causes include hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking, lack of exercise, and genetic factors. Symptoms depend on the extent and location of the stenosis. Common symptoms include chest pain, dyspnea, fatigue, palpitations, and dizziness. Diagnosis depends on ECG, echocardiography, and coronary angiography. Treatment options include lifestyle changes, medication, interventional therapy and surgery. Cardiovascular stenosis is a common cardiovascular disease that causes insufficient blood supply to the heart and severely affects heart function. This article will describe in detail the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular stenosis. The main cause of cardiovascular stenosis is atherosclerosis. This is a disease in which cholesterol and other lipids in the blood deposit on the walls of blood vessels due to damage to vascular endothelial cells, forming plaques and leading to narrowing of blood vessels. Other possible causes of narrowing of heart vessels include: 1. Hypertension: Chronic hypertension can damage vascular endothelial cells and accelerate the progression of atherosclerosis. 2. Diabetes: Diabetes patients with poor blood sugar control can damage vascular endothelial cells and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.3. Hyperlipidemic: High levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood can increase the risk of atheroscleros.4. Smoking: Smoking can damage vascular endothelial cells and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.5. Lack of exercise: Lack of exercise can lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. 6. Genetic factors: Certain genetic mutations or familial disorders may lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Symptoms of cardiovascular stenosis depend on the extent and location of the stenosis. If the stenosis is mild, there may be no symptoms. As the stenosis worsens, the following symptoms may occur: 1. Chest pain: This is the most common symptom, usually occurring in the retrosternal or precordial region and may radiate to the left shoulder, left arm, or neck. 2. Dyspnea: Difficulty breathing may occur during activity or physical labor. 3. Weakness: Feeling weak, tired, or exhausted. 4. Palpitations: Rapid, slow, or irregular heartbeat. 5. Dizziness: Dizziness or syncope may occur while standing or changing postures. Diagnosis of cardiovascular stenosis depends on the following methods: 1. Electrocardiogram: recording of electrical activity of the heart, evidence of myocardial ischaemia.2. Echocardiography: assessment of heart structure and function, including myocardial motion and blood flow.3. Coronary angiography: This is an invasive examination method, which can directly observe the degree and location of coronary artery stenosis. 4. Other examinations: such as radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging, CT coronary angiography, etc., can further evaluate the condition of cardiac vessels. Treatment methods for cardiac vascular stenosis include: 1. Lifestyle changes: including smoking cessation, weight control, low-salt and low-fat diet, moderate exercise, etc. 2. Drug therapy: such as antiplatelet drugs, statins, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor antagonists, etc., can prevent thrombosis, reduce blood lipids, improve vascular endothelial function, etc. 3. Interventional therapy: including percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). PCI is a percutaneous puncture of the blood vessel, balloon or stent placed in the stenosis site, dilating the blood vessel; CABG is to bypass the stenosis site through bypass vessels to increase myocardial blood supply.4.Surgical treatment: For patients with severe cardiac stenosis or other treatments ineffective, heart transplantation may be required. Cardiac stenosis is a serious disease that requires timely diagnosis and treatment. For people with high risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking, etc., regular physical examination should be carried out to detect and treat early. At the same time, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, such as smoking cessation, weight control, low-salt and low-fat diet, moderate exercise, etc., is also very important to prevent the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease.