How is hydrocephalus caused?

Hydrocephalus is due to the production of cerebrospinal fluid, absorption imbalance and cerebrospinal fluid circulation disorders, caused by the abnormal expansion of the ventricular system, according to pathophysiological changes, hydrocephalus is divided into obstructive hydrocephalus and communicating hydrocephalus. Obstructive hydrocephalus refers to ventricular enlargement caused by obstruction in the ventricular system. Hydrocephalus is caused by excessive absorption of cerebrospinal fluid or ventricular adhesion and obstruction. Obstructive hydrocephalus is caused by tumor hemorrhage, congenital malformation and infection. The most common causes of communicating hydrocephalus are subarachnoid hemorrhage and inflammation of the meninges. Patients with hydrocephalus may present with headache, vomiting, blurred vision, papilledema, and may also present with cognitive impairment, walking instability, and urinary and fecal dysfunction.