What causes esophageal fistula?

The causes of esophageal fistula include trauma, congenital abnormalities, inflammation, etc. Detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Trauma

If the patient's esophagus is stimulated by trauma, such as endotracheal intubation, resulting in esophageal mucosal damage, esophageal fistula is prone to occur.

2. Congenital abnormalities

If the patient is in embryo, the mother frequently contacts chemical substances, causing abnormal esophageal development, leading to esophageal atresia, increasing the risk of esophageal fistula.

3. Inflammation

If the patient is invaded by pathogens, causing inflammation and infection, causing inflammatory substances to stimulate esophageal tissue, resulting in esophageal damage, esophageal fistula is also prone to occur.