What is hyperopia and astigmatism?

Hyperopia and astigmatism are two different types of refractive errors in the eye.

Hyperopia is a refractive condition in which parallel rays of light pass through the eye's refractive system without accommodation and focus behind the retina. This is usually caused by the shape of the eye being too short or by the weak refractive power of the cornea and lens. Hyperopia usually requires a convex lens to correct vision so that light can focus on the retina and see objects clearly.

Astigmatism is a refractive condition in which parallel rays of light pass through the eye's refractive system without forming a focus but form a focal line. Astigmatism may be caused by an abnormal curvature of the cornea or lens.