What are the causes of acid reflux?

Acid reflux may be caused by impaired gastroesophageal barrier function, lower esophageal sphincter pressure, increased gastric pressure, etc.

1. Impaired gastroesophageal barrier function There

is a one-way valve between the esophagus and stomach that helps prevent acid reflux to the esophagus. When this barrier function is impaired, acid may flow back into the esophagus, causing discomfort.

2. Lower esophageal sphincter pressure is

an important line of defense between the esophagus and stomach that prevents acid from entering the esophagus. When sphincter pressure is reduced, acid reflux is more likely to occur.

3. Increased gastric pressure,

delayed gastric emptying, etc. Factors may cause abnormal increase in gastric pressure, which can push acid up to the esophagus.