Classification of calcaneal fractures

Fractures are quite common in clinic. Calcaneal fractures can be classified into type I and type II according to the changes of Bhler and G angle on lateral X-ray film. Type I includes calcaneal tuberosity fracture without involving subtalar joint, and calcaneocuboid joint fracture. Type II is fracture involving subtalar joint, which can be divided into tongue fracture and joint collapse fracture. After the appearance of Ct, Sanders classification was proposed, which has type I all undisplaced intraarticular fractures, type II fractures with two bone fragments on the posterior articular surface, type III posterior three-fragment fractures with central fragment injury, and type IV posterior four-fragment fractures or fractures with more than four fragments.