What causes mitral stenosis and how to treat it

The main causes of mitral stenosis are rheumatic fever, congenital mitral valve dysplasia, connective tissue disease, senile mitral annulus calcification or subannular calcification, etc. Patients can choose general treatment, drug treatment and surgical treatment according to their specific conditions. I. Cause 1. Rheumatic fever Rheumatic fever belongs to autoimmune disease, caused by streptococcal infection, which often leads to atrophy of valve leaflets and chordae tendineae, restriction or stenosis of mitral valve opening, and affects local blood flow. 2. Congenital mitral valve dysplasia such as mitral valve annulus small, so that mitral valve orifice area is small, or muscle cord development is incomplete, the effect of pulling leaflets is weakened, etc., thus inducing mitral valve stenosis.3. Connective tissue disease Connective tissue disease is mainly seen in autoimmune related scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc., which can cause mitral valve stenosis due to mitral valve thickening. 4. Senile mitral annular calcification or subannular calcification Senile mitral annular calcification or subannular calcification is a degenerative disease of the elderly. When calcification affects the leaflet junction and restricts its opening, it can cause mitral stenosis. 2. Treatment 1. General treatment of mild diseases generally requires more rest, strict restriction of sodium salt intake to reduce heart load, and regular follow-up visits to the hospital according to doctor's advice to observe changes in the condition, without special treatment.2. Drug treatment for severe diseases usually requires long-term use of benzathine penicillin, amoxicillin, penicillin V potassium and other drugs for anti-inflammatory and anti-infection to prevent recurrence of rheumatism; Or use isosorbide dinitrate, metoprolol, furosemide, warfarin and other drugs to reduce heart load, improve cardiac function.3, surgical treatment percutaneous mitral valve balloon plasty and prosthetic valve replacement, etc., is the main surgical method for the treatment of mitral stenosis, doctors generally according to the degree of mitral stenosis, whether there are other diseases, etc. to choose the appropriate surgical method, determine the timing of treatment.