Why are there closed acne?

Closed acne may be related to factors such as excessive sebaceous gland secretion, abnormal keratin metabolism, bacterial infection, etc. 1. Excessive sebaceous gland secretion Sebaceous gland secretion, if not discharged in time, it is easy to accumulate in the hair follicle, leading to hair follicle mouth blockage, and then form closed acne. This may be related to endocrine factors, diet, rest and other factors. For example, elevated levels of androgen in the body will stimulate increased sebaceous gland secretion; excessive intake of high sugar, high fat foods may also promote strong sebum secretion. 2. abnormal keratinous metabolism Normal metabolism of the stratum corneum is very important for the smooth flow of hair follicles. When keratinous metabolism is abnormal, keratinocytes cannot be normally shed and renewed, and they will accumulate in the hair follicle mouth, gradually forming angle plugs, blocking the hair follicle mouth, causing the formation of closed acne. Some external factors such as inappropriate skin care methods and environmental changes may affect keratinous metabolism. 3. Bacterial infection Resident bacteria in hair follicles, such as Propionibacterium acnes, may overmultiply under certain conditions, triggering an inflammatory response. Although inflammation may not be obvious in the closed acne stage, the presence of bacteria may promote the occurrence and development of acne to some extent. In addition, excessive mental stress, long-term use of certain drugs, improper use of cosmetics, etc. may also induce closed acne. In addition, genetic factors may also play a role in the occurrence of acne.