Atrial Septal Defect: How Serious Is Secunda?

The severity of secunda in atrial septal defect (ASD) depends mainly on the size and location of the defect and whether there are related complications. ASD is one of the common congenital heart diseases, accounting for about 20%~30% of the total number of congenital heart diseases. ASD can be divided into primary orifice and secondary orifice according to different defect sites. Secondary orifice ASD is the most common type of ASD, usually located in the central part of the atrial septum, and the diameter of the defect is generally 0.5~3 cm. For the evaluation of the severity of secondary orifice ASD, the following aspects are mainly considered: 1. Defect size: Small defect diameter Atrial septal defect (usually less than 1cm) usually has little effect on cardiac function and has a good prognosis; while atrial septal defect with large defect diameter may lead to increased volume load of left atrium and left ventricle, which may lead to complications such as cardiac enlargement and heart failure. If the patient with atrial septal defect has obvious symptoms, such as palpitations, shortness of breath, fatigue, etc. after activity, it indicates that the condition may be more serious.3.Combined with other cardiac malformations: If the atrial septal defect is combined with other cardiac malformations, such as pulmonary hypertension, arrhythmia, etc., it will increase the difficulty and risk of treatment.4.Age: The age of the patient is also an important factor in assessing the severity of the disease. Atrial septal defects that occur in infancy are more likely to develop complications due to the immature development of heart structure and function. For the treatment of secunda atrial septal defects, there are mainly the following methods: 1. Observation and waiting: For patients with small defect diameter, no obvious symptoms and no complications, echocardiography can be performed regularly to observe the changes of the defect. If the defect does not increase significantly or complications occur, observation can be continued. 2. Interventional occlusion: Interventional occlusion is one of the common methods for treating atrial septal defect in recent years. This method delivers the occluder to the atrial septal defect site through the femoral vein or jugular vein to achieve closure of the defect. Interventional occlusion has the advantages of small trauma and rapid recovery, but it requires strict control of surgical indications. 3. Surgery: For patients with large defect diameter, obvious symptoms or other cardiac malformations, surgical treatment is usually required. Surgical methods include repair of atrial septal defect and atrial shunt. In short, the severity of atrial septal defect secunda needs to consider a number of factors. For patients diagnosed with atrial septal defect, they should go to the cardiovascular department or cardiothoracic surgery department of a regular hospital in time. The doctor will formulate an individualized treatment plan according to the specific situation. At the same time, patients should follow the doctor's advice for regular review, in order to detect and deal with possible complications in a timely manner.