Ventilator Associated Pneumonia

Ventilator-associated pneumonia is one of the common serious complications in the process of mechanical ventilation, which is mainly caused by the communication between respiratory tract and the outside world, the destruction of normal defense function of respiratory tract by mechanical ventilation, the underlying diseases of patients, etc. Preventive measures include strict hand hygiene, etc. Sensitive antibiotics should be selected according to the results of drug sensitivity test for treatment. Ventilator-associated pneumonia refers to pneumonia occurring within 48 hours after mechanical ventilation and within 48 hours after extubation. It is one of the common serious complications during mechanical ventilation and an important type of hospital-acquired pneumonia. The main reason is that when patients receive mechanical ventilation treatment, the respiratory tract is directly connected to the outside world and is vulnerable to external bacterial invasion. At the same time, mechanical ventilation will also destroy the normal defense function of the respiratory tract, leading to bacterial breeding and infection. In addition, the underlying disease of the patient, low immune function, use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and other factors will also increase the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia. For patients who need mechanical ventilation, medical staff will take a series of preventive measures to reduce the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia, such as strict hand hygiene, regular replacement of ventilator tubing, oral care, rational use of antibiotics, etc. At the same time, patients also need to actively cooperate with treatment, such as regular turning, expectoration, deep breathing, etc., to promote sputum discharge and keep respiratory tract unobstructed. If the patient has fever, cough, expectoration and other symptoms during mechanical ventilation, the medical staff should be informed in time for further examination and treatment. If the patient is diagnosed with ventilator-associated pneumonia, sensitive antibiotics should be selected for treatment according to the drug sensitivity test results, and nutritional support and nursing should be strengthened to promote the patient's recovery. In summary, VAP is a serious complication that requires joint efforts by health care providers and patients to take effective preventive and therapeutic measures to reduce its risk and mortality. It is also important for patients and their families to understand the relevant knowledge of VAP and actively cooperate with health care providers.