What are the symptoms of primary brainstem injury?

Primary brainstem injury is a severe brain injury, its symptoms are diverse and complex, the following are some common symptoms: 1. Disorder of consciousness: This is one of the most common symptoms of primary brainstem injury. Patients may experience different degrees of consciousness disorders such as coma, lethargy, and confusion. 2. Pupil changes: Pupils are black round holes in the eye. Their size and shape reflect the function of the nervous system. In primary brainstem injury, pupils may change in size, shape, or loss of response to light. 3. Eye movement disorders: The brainstem controls eye movement, so primary brainstem injury may lead to abnormal eye movement, such as strabismus, nystagmus, etc. 4. Respiratory dysfunction: Respiratory center is located in brainstem. Primary brainstem injury may affect respiratory function, leading to shortness of breath, dyspnea, abnormal respiratory rhythm, etc. 5. Cardiovascular dysfunction: Cardiovascular center is also located in brainstem. Primary brainstem injury may lead to abnormal cardiovascular function, such as tachycardia, arrhythmia, blood pressure drop, etc. 6. Thermoregulation disorder: The thermoregulatory center is located in the hypothalamus, which is closely related to the brainstem. Primary brainstem injury may lead to thermoregulatory disorders, fever or hypothermia. 7. Motor and sensory disorders: Primary brainstem injury may affect motor and sensory functions, resulting in limb paralysis, sensory numbness, ataxia, etc. 8. Other symptoms: Headache, nausea, vomiting, convulsions, etc. may also occur. It should be noted that symptoms of primary brainstem injury may vary depending on the location and degree of injury. If primary brainstem injury is suspected, it should be taken to hospital for detailed examination and treatment. Treatment methods include surgery, drug therapy, rehabilitation therapy, etc. The purpose of treatment is to alleviate symptoms, promote recovery and prevent complications. For patients with primary brainstem injury, it is necessary to closely observe the changes in the condition and adjust the treatment plan in time. At the same time, family members also need to give full care and support to patients to help them tide over difficulties.