How to diagnose essential hypertension

The diagnosis of essential hypertension, including blood pressure measurement, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, laboratory tests and other tests, the specific criteria vary from person to person. According to the diagnostic criteria of essential hypertension, the following are some specific diagnostic methods: 1. Measurement of blood pressure: Use a sphygmomanometer to measure blood pressure, at least twice, each time interval of 1 - 2 minutes. Hypertension can be diagnosed if systolic BP ≥ 140mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥ 90mmHg. 2. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: Blood pressure will be recorded 24 hours using an ambulatory blood pressure monitor every 15 - 30min during the day and every 30min during the night. Hypertension can be diagnosed if the mean systolic blood pressure is ≥ 130mmHg and (or) diastolic blood pressure is ≥ 80mmHg. 3. Laboratory tests: Blood routine, urine routine, blood glucose, blood lipid, renal function, electrolytes, etc. can be performed to find out whether there are other diseases that lead to increased blood pressure. 4. Other tests: Such as ECG, echocardiography, carotid ultrasound, etc., to understand the heart and blood vessels. It should be noted that the diagnosis of essential hypertension needs to consider factors such as blood pressure levels, clinical symptoms, family history. If you suspect that there is essential hypertension, should be timely medical advice, detailed examination and diagnosis. At the same time, essential hypertension requires long-term treatment, patients should pay attention to diet, exercise, smoking cessation and alcohol restriction, etc., to control blood pressure and reduce the occurrence of complications. In addition, for special populations, such as the elderly, pregnant women, children, etc., the diagnostic criteria for essential hypertension may be different. Elderly blood pressure may be appropriate to relax, increased blood pressure in pregnant women may be related to physiological changes during pregnancy, children's primary hypertension is rare, the diagnosis needs to be more cautious. Therefore, for special populations, should be based on specific circumstances of the diagnosis and treatment.