Causes of femoral neck necrosis

The blood supply of femoral head mainly passes through femoral neck, so necrosis of femoral head occurs first. There are two theories on the pathogenesis of necrosis of femoral head at present stage: 1. Fat embolism. Excessive intake of glucocorticoid and ethanol can cause fat embolism. Bone marrow tissue is occupied by fat tissue, which can cause intramedullary cell death. 2. Intraosseous vascular damage and intraosseous high pressure. Subchondral bone and cancellous intraosseous arteriole structure destruction, vasculitis, intraosseous venous return obstruction, high pressure and bone necrosis. The cause of femoral head necrosis, generally divided into two categories: first, traumatic factors. For the common cause of femoral head necrosis, femoral neck fracture, hip joint gastrointestinal dislocation and femoral head fracture, can cause femoral head necrosis. Second, non-traumatic factors: 1. The application of adrenal glucocorticoid may be caused by fat embolism caused by hormone, and the blood is in hypercoagulable state, which causes vasculitis, osteoporosis and other bone trabecular strength decline, easy collapse and other reasons resulting in femoral head necrosis. 2. Alcohol poisoning. 3. Decompression disease. 4. Sickle cell anemia. 5. Idiopathic femoral head necrosis.