How to treat tumors

Cancer can be treated by surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, etc. 1. Surgical treatment Surgery is one of the main treatment methods for many tumors. For early stage tumors, surgical resection can directly remove the focus and achieve the goal of radical cure. Surgery can effectively remove local tumor tissue and prevent further spread and metastasis. However, surgery also has certain limitations, such as for some special location or extensive metastasis of the tumor, surgery may be difficult to completely remove or not suitable for. 2. Radiation therapy uses radiation to kill tumor cells. It can be used as a treatment alone, or in combination with surgery or chemotherapy. Radiotherapy can precisely target local tumors and plays an important role in controlling tumor growth and alleviating symptoms. Side effects include damage to normal tissues, such as radiation inflammation. 3. Chemotherapy inhibits tumor cell growth and division by using chemical drugs, such as paclitaxel and gemcitabine. Chemotherapy drugs can circulate throughout the body and are important for metastatic tumors. However, chemotherapy drugs can also affect normal cells, resulting in a series of adverse reactions such as nausea, vomiting, hair loss, bone marrow suppression, etc. 4. Targeted therapy targets specific molecular targets of tumor cells, such as trastuzumab. It has the advantages of strong targeting and relatively few side effects. It inhibits tumor growth by blocking specific signaling pathways of tumor cells or inhibiting the function of related proteins. However, targeted therapy requires genetic testing to determine whether it is suitable, and may cause problems such as drug resistance. In actual treatment, doctors will comprehensively consider the appropriate treatment plan according to factors such as tumor type, stage and patient's physical condition. Sometimes, multiple methods will be used to combine treatment to improve treatment effect, prolong patient's survival time and improve quality of life. At the same time, during treatment, it is necessary to pay close attention to patient's adverse reactions and timely handle and adjust treatment plan.

Patients should also maintain a good mentality and actively cooperate with treatment, which is also very important for the rehabilitation of tumors.