What does atypical squamous cell mean?

Atypical squamous epithelial cells are abnormal changes in squamous epithelial cells that are not qualitative or quantitative enough to make a definite diagnosis. The main features include squamous differentiation, nuclear enlargement, mild nuclear hyperpigmentation, increased nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, uneven chromatin distribution, and possible multinucleation. Atypical squamous cells can be divided into two types. The first type is atypical squamous cells of unclear significance. In this case, HPV test results should be combined to determine subsequent treatment. If HPV is negative, a follow-up is recommended one year later; if HPV is high-risk positive, a colposcopic biopsy is recommended for further evaluation. Atypical squamous cells are followed, except for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, for which colposcopy and cervical multi-site biopsy are recommended to confirm the presence of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. If HPV test results are negative and atypical squamous cells are associated with inflammation, treatment is usually given as inflammation, such as vaginal medication. If HPV test results are positive and there is a risk of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, further testing is required and appropriate treatment options are developed depending on the condition, which may include surgery, radiation or chemotherapy. For patients with atypical squamous cells, regular review and monitoring are recommended to detect and address potential problems in a timely manner.